Lumbar osteochondrosis

According to medical statistics, the pain in the back of 80% of cases is caused by lumbar osteochondrosis.This occurs as a result of degenerative-district changes in this segment, when intervertebral discs and adjacent beads are affected.Lumbar spine osteochondrosis (Spep) is manifested by various symptoms: pain of different nature, restriction of mobility, impaired lower body sensitivity, etc.With a long lack of treatment, degenerative processes apply to vertebrae, reducing the capacity of the work, then the patient can become a person with disabilities.

To avoid dangerous complications of lumbar osteochondrosis (yes), you should begin comprehensive treatment in 1-2 stages of pathology.In advanced cases, when irreversible disk changes or beads are already present, surgery is performed.To avoid the lower back osteochondrosis and associated complications, it is necessary to prevent it.

The development of lumbar osteochondrosis

To understand what the osteochondrosis of the pop (lumbar spine) is, you need to study the structure of the spinal column.It consists of the beads, between which the cartilage gaskets (intervertebral disc) are placed.The disk is covered with a strong fibrous membrane (fibrous ring), within which there is a pulp nucleus.This structure performs a function of overturning the shock, makes the spine more flexible.

Reference the lumbar segment of the spine undergoes a large load daily as it resists the weight of the upper body.Therefore, the lower back osteochondrosis is diagnosed more often than the cervical chest.

With regular loads on the back, the discs are compressed, many liquids are lost, their height decreases and the distance between the vertebrae decreases.The cartilage washer becomes fragile, the microcraces appear on its surface, through which the pulpoosis core lasts over time.With further compression of the intervertebral discs, the outer membrane occurs and the loss of the gelatinous body, forms hernia.Then the pathological mobility of the vertebrae occurs, the load on the neighboring segments of the spine increases.

Shortly thereafter, bone growths (osteophytes) begin to form at the edges of the vertebral bodies.Thus, the body is trying to stabilize the spine.

Doctors distinguish the 4 stages of lumbar spine osteochondrosis:

• 1 degree - the problems with the discs begin, the central part is dehydrated, it flattens, the cracks appear in the outer shell.It's stuck.
• 2 Scale - sags of the tower, the beads are approaching each other, becoming more mobile, muscles and ligaments around the spine saga.Pain occurs.
• 3 degrees - extension, hernia, subluxation of the rutherbrae.Pain is improved, mobility is limited, lower body sensitivity is damaged.
• 4 -degree osteochondrosis is characterized by the appearance of osteophytes that can damage the spinal nerves, neighboring vertebrae.There is persistent pain, pronounced neurological disorders and other complications, the risk of disability increases.

It is easier to cure lumbar chondrosis (Stage 1), however, it is very difficult to detect the disease at this stage.The 2 -degree intervertebral osteochondrosis is treated using conservative methods.In 3-4 stages, an operation may be needed.

According to statistics, SPP is most often detected in patients after 30 years.There are frequent cases of pathology in humans after 20 years.Approximately 80% of patients of 60 years suffer from manifestations of this disease.

Reason

To understand how to deal with osteochondrosis of the PKOP (lumbosacral spine), you need to know its reasons:

• Regular static or dynamic load on the lumbar segment.The risk group for the development of osteochondrosis includes office workers, professional athletes (severe athletics), moving, builders, etc.
• Violation of stay, prolonged stay in the wrong position.
• Genetic predisposition, abnormalities of the formation of vertebral bodies.This category includes youth software - curvature of the spinal column caused by vertebral bodies pathologies.
• Spinal column injuries.
• Hormonal imbalance, metabolic disorders, endocrine diseases that disrupt metabolism in the lumbar segment.
• Age -related changes in the body provoke the discs of the disc.
• Bone tuberculosis, osteomyelitis (purulent inflammation of the bone tissue), ankylosing spondylitis (inflammation of the vertebrae and joints), rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Often, the disease causes several reasons immediately.

In addition, there are factors that provoke the development of lumbar osteochondrosis:

• Excessive body weight.
• Passive living, prolonged seat.
• Regular use of harmful foods (fatty, fried food, cakes, semi -finished products, etc.).
• Lack of juice, dehydration.
• Disordishes congenital spine structure disorders, for example, an additional beads.
• Regular wearing of uncomfortable heel.
• The fetal retention period, then the load on the spinal column increases.
• A sharp abandonment of training of professional athletes or excess sports in people who have previously been passive.
• Smoking, frequent and immature use of alcohol.

There are many more factors that can start degenerative-district processes in the lumbar spine.For example, flat feet, frequent hypothermia, frequent stress, sleep disorders, etc.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lumbar back osteochondrosis are varied, they depend on the pathology phase and localization of the affected area.

Doctors distinguish reflex syndromes and compression (a complex of symptoms) for SPP.The first occurs with irritation of the outer membrane receptors of the discs, ligaments, articular capsules and the last - when compressing nerve packs, blood vessels, spinal cord.

There are such reflex syndromes of lumbar osteochondrosis:

• Lumbago.Firing pain at the bottom of the back with a sharp movement or tension.In the slightest attempt to move, the pain syndrome has improved, so the patient freezes in a position.The muscles in the damaged area are tense, in palpation, the painful sensations become more pronounced.These manifestations are associated with the movement of the pulposal nucleus within the outer shell.
• Lumbalgia.A real pain develops for several hours or days.The discomfort intensifies with movements, a change in body position.Well weakened when a person gets a horizontal position with a roller under his lower back.When you increase a straight foot in this position, the pain intensifies (Lassa symptoms).The rate of muscle tension is less than with lumbar.Lower back mobility is limited.
• Sciatica.Painful sensations (acute or pain) spread from the lower back to the lower body.There is an increase in this feature during movements.The pain weakens when resting on the back.The muscles in the affected area are tense, the pain syndrome is expressed in palpation.

Symptoms in compression syndromes depend on which sections of the lumbar segment are damaged.Characteristic signs are associated with compression of cerebrospinal nerves with hernia, osteophytes, shifted beads.This condition is called radiculopathy, in which the pain intensifies with the slightest movement, the lower back muscles are tense, and mobility is limited.

Clinical manifestations of compression syndromes depending on damaged lumbar segment beads:

• L1 - L3 - pain and numbness in the area of the lower back, the anterior and inner surface of the thigh, it is difficult for the patient to bend/unlock the leg to the knee.
• L4 - Pain syndrome spreads to the front of the thigh, falls on the knee (back).In the same area, the sensitivity is violated.
• L5 - painful sensations radiate to the buttocks, the outside of the thigh, fall along the front of the lower leg on the inner part of the leg and thumb.In the same area, feels numbness, it is difficult for the patient to bend the thumb.
• S1 - the pain is poured from the lower back to the buttocks, the outer and back surface of the thigh, falls to the outside of the lower leg, the foot.In these areas, it feels numbness, the lower leg muscles are weakened, so the patient is difficult to stay in the socks.

There is a risk of damage to some nerve beams immediately, for example, L5, S1.If the hernia moves back, then it can squeeze the spinal pair.

With the compression of the blood vessels of the lower back, the likelihood of weakening of the leg muscles, numbness of the lower extremities, a violation of control over the process of urination and defecation increases.In men, a lift is concerned in men and in women the main symptoms can be supplemented with inflammation of the ovaries or uterus.

Diagnostic measures

To diagnose SPP, the doctor examines the patient, performs palpation to determine the condition of the muscle and identify the curvature of the spine.It is important to tell a specialist in detail about his symptoms so that it is easier to make a diagnosis.

Instrumental research will help detect intervertebral osteochondrosis:

• Lower back rail (direct back and side projection).
• Calculated tomography and magnetic rejection.

X -Ray allows you to appreciate the pop structure.To identify the pathological mobility of the vertebrae, X radiation is performed in the bending and stretch position.This study allows us to note that the intervertebral gap is narrowed, the vertebrae bodies are displaced, osteophytes appeared at their edges.However, this diagnostic method is considered obsolete.

Today, CT and MRI are increasingly used to detect degenerative-decisstrophic changes in the back.These very informative studies allow you to evaluate the condition of beads, discs, intervertebral holes, spinal cord.With their help, the extension, the direction of hernia, the degree of compression of the nerve beams, the spinal cord, the blood vessels is detected.

Treatment

Medicines for lumbar osteochondrosis

The treatment of pop osteochondrosis lasts from 1-3 months to 1 year.The success of the therapy depends on the patient himself, who should strictly observe the doctor's recommendations.By self -medication, the patient's condition usually worsens.

Therapy therapies:

• Stop or weaken software symptoms.
• To identify the cause of the disease, try to exclude it from life.
• Eliminate the inflammatory process.
• Restoring blood circulation, metabolic processes in the lumbar region.
• Try to improve the condition of damaged cartilage gaskets, stop further degenerative changes.

To achieve such goals, it is recommended to perform complex therapy.Usually starts with taking the drug:

• Musorelaxants.They relax muscles, weaken pain and inflammation.
• NSAID.They have anti -inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic effects.
• Antispasmodics.They help to stop the spasm of the smooth muscle, weaken the pain.
• Anesthetic agents.They are used for severe pain in the form of therapeutic blockade.
• Glucocorticosteroids.They also help to cope with the pain.However, these funds are able to destroy the bones, so they take them for a short time and only after the approval of the doctor.
• Sedatives.Remove neuromuscular tension, improve sleep.
• Vitamins (group B, E, C, A).Restore the condition of the affected nerves, weaken the pain.

Carefully.NSAIDs are forbidden to take gastritis or stomach ulcers, as they even more damage the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.

With irritation, the patient is injected with injections, and after stopping the main symptoms, he receives oral agents.

In addition, external products (gel, ointments, creams, waste) are used.

The question of what to do with chronic lower back osteochondrosis is very important.If the SPP has become chronic, then after the main symptoms are the patient, the patient is prescribed chondroprotectors, medicines that restore blood circulation, vitamin B drugs. They help restore intrigue, normalization of blood supply in the affected area and prevent further development of pathology.

Treatment of spinal condo (Phase 1) is performed using chondroprotectors that slow down the development of degenerative processes, accelerate the regeneration of the cartilage.In addition, the patient is prescribed vitamin-mineral complexes.This form of osteochondrosis is easier to cure.

Other conservative methods

With OKZ (osteochondrosis) 1 - 2 degrees, the following treatment procedures will help to stop its development:

• Ultrasound therapy weakens pain and inflammation, normalizes blood flow to the damaged area.
• Duetenzor therapy is a safe pull of the spine due to the weight of your body, after which the muscle tone is normalized, mobility improves.
• Magnetotherapy reduces muscle pain and inflammation around the spine.
• Reflexotherapy (insertion of needles into bioactive points in the body) accelerates blood circulation, relieves inflammation and swelling.
• Manual therapy (exposure to the affected area with a physician's hands) and massaging muscle tone normalization, reduce the compression of the nerve beams, improve the strength of the intervertebral discs and restore the spine structure.
• Electrophoresis allows you to give medicinal solutions through the skin on the bone and cartilage.
• Dragonvalization improves blood circulation, metabolic processes, reduces pain, restores skin sensitivity.

There are still many effective procedures that will help improve the patient's condition in 5-15 sessions.The main thing is to take the approval of a doctor before their behavior.

Home Home Treatment

If you are interested if it is possible to treat an OPP at home, then consult a doctor.If the specialist has given permission, then start therapy, which usually consists of the following points:

• Diet If lumbar osteochondrosis is caused by a violation of blood flow or metabolism, then exclude fats, fried foods, spices, eggs, etc.From the menu, fill the menu with fresh vegetables, fruits, low meat, fish, sour flour products.Refuse alcohol, tonic drinks (tea, coffee).Drink filtered water, composition, herbal teas.

• To restore blood circulation, exercise charging or using friction and compresses.
• Sleep on an orthopedic mattress, a low pillow.If you have a sedentary job, then buy a chair with a spine that will support the spine.Occasionally, wear special corsets or belts.
• Exercise therapy will help strengthen muscle lanes, remove part of the load from the diseased back.The complex for each patient individually constitutes a physician or instructor.
• Perform yourself -Massage of the Lumbar region.However, find out how to do it correctly with a professional.
• Use folk remedies in the form of friction, compresses, baths, etc.
• Acupuncture is a plastic plate with many rivets that improve blood circulation, metabolic processes in the damaged area, reduces muscle pain, relaxes.

And also at home you can use lotions with vegetable decoctions, plaster.

Reference innovation in the treatment of osteochondrosis is a massaging bed that is suitable for even more inorganized patients.

However, remember that you can only be treated at home after the permission of the attending doctor.

Surgical treatment

Surgery with lumbar osteochondrosis is described if conservative methods have been ineffective for a long time.And also surgical intervention is indicated by involuntary urination, defecation and horse tail syndrome (pinching of the lower spinal cord nerves).

In the treatment of SPP, such surgical methods are used:

• Spondylodesa - fusing vertebra adjacent.
• Fassetextomy - removal of intervertebral joints that violate the cerebrospinal nerve.
• Laminectomy - Removing a plate covering the spinal canal that squeezes the spinal cord.
• Discoctoma is a complete or partial removal of the intervertebral disc, which causes a compression of the nerve or spinal cord.
• Korpasseom - removal of the body of vertebrae and adjacent cartilage gaskets.Then the empty spot is filled with a bone transplant and the 3 vertebrate segment is spent.

Reference after surgical intervention, there is a risk of complications: spinal trauma, nerve rays, transplants, infection, etc.

After treatment, it is necessary to undergo rehabilitation to accelerate recovery.

Complications

In the absence of competent therapy, the risk of such complications of lumbar osteochondrosis increases:

• Disk hernia, pinching of the nerve root or spinal cord.
• Long -term inflammatory processes increase the chance of radiculitis (inflammation of the nerve roots).
• Ishias (inflammatory damage to the sciatica), in which severe pain and numbness of the lower extremities occur.
• In the case of damaged spinal cord circulation, the likelihood of compression myelopathy increases (compression of the spinal cord with various formations: bone fragments, hernias, tumors, hematomas).
• The horse's tail syndrome is the compression of the roots of the lower spinal cord, which leads to a violation of intestinal functionality, pelvic organs and lower extremities.

To avoid such complications, you should start treatment as soon as possible.

PREVENTION

To avoid lumbar osteochondrosis, follow the following rules:

• Run a moderately active lifestyle (walk more often, exercise regularly, register in the pool).
• When you sit down, heat every 1.5 hours.
• Sleep on the orthopedic mattress.
• Avoid excessive physical exercise, rose severity only from the semi -specific position, before this, placed on a separate belt at the bottom of the back.
• Buy orthopedic shoes.
• Eat properly, get vitamin-mineral complexes as prescribed by a doctor.
• Learn to relax.
• Try not to hypothermia.
• Over time, treat diseases that can cause a SPP.
• Reject bad habits.

Depending on these recommendations, you can avoid degenerative changes in your back and improve your health.

The most important thing

If you notice the symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis, then see a doctor urgently.Freelance treatment can worsen your condition and cause complications.Lumbar chondrosis (first phase) is treated with exercise therapy, physiotherapy and chondroprotectors.In later stages, medicines, massage, manual therapy, etc. are used.In the absence of positive dynamics for a long time or the appearance of neurological symptoms, the doctor may prescribe an surgery.The patient should strictly follow the doctor's recommendations in order to accelerate recovery.